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Research conducted with LiST

Scientific basis of LiST

LiST applications in peer-reviewed journal articles

These articles are peer-reviewed and use LiST as a modeling tool for program evaluation, strategic planning, and advocacy. They show the many potential applications of the model for public health researchers and practitioners.

LiST applications in program reports and other cases

Various NGOs have used LiST as a part of their routine monitoring and evaluation. These published reports document their programs’ successes.

Past work by the LiST team

The LiST team at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health offers technical support to organizations and groups that would like to use LiST to develop scenarios and projections that could help in their strategic planning. Here are some sample projects.

LiST research related to Covid-19

Spotlight on the LiST team’s work related to the impact of Covid-19

LiST supplements

As part of the background work in the development of the Lives Saved Tool, journal supplements have been published that contain articles related to the assumptions, scientific method, and applications of LiST.

Estimates of intervention efficacy and effectiveness

The efficacy and effectiveness of the interventions in LiST have been quantified by various researchers in maternal, newborn, and child health.

Validating LiST estimates

These studies compare mortality estimates from LiST have been compared to measured mortality rates from low- and middle-income countries to assess the accuracy and validity of the model.

Overview of LiST and its modeling approach 

These papers outline the basic modeling approach used in LiST. They serve as references for those who are unacquainted with the model.

Technical notes 

These papers outline the methodology of parts of the LiST model that are not described in published literature.

 

LiST supplements

Tong H, Kemp CG, Walker N. Estimating additional schooling and lifetime earning obtained from improved linear growth in low- and middle-income countries using the Lives Saved Tool (LiST), Journal of Global Health, 2022; 12 Suppl 5.

Walker N,  Friberg IK. The Lives Saved Tool in 2017: Updates, Applications, and Future Directions, BMC Public Health, 2017;17 Suppl 4.

Walker N, Clermont A. Nutrition Modeling in the Lives Saved Tool (LiST), J Nutr. 2017;147(11).

Walker N. The Lives Saved Tool in 2013: new capabilities and applications, BMC Public Health, 2013;13 Suppl 3.

Fox MJ, Reynaldo M, van den Broek N, Walker N. Technical inputs, enhancements and applications of the Lives Saved Tool (LiST), BMC Public Health. 2011;13 Suppl 2.

Sachdev HPS, Hall A, Walker N, Development and use of the Lives Saved Tool (LiST): A model to estimate the impact of scaling up proven interventions on maternal, neonatal and child mortality, Int J Epidemiol, 2010;39 Suppl 1.

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Estimates of intervention efficacy and effectiveness

Fulton TR, Phadke VK, Orenstein WA, Hinman AR, Johnson WD, Omer SB. Protective Effect of Contemporary Pertussis Vaccines: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;62(9):1100-10.

Pollard SL, Malpica-Llanos T, Friberg IK, Fischer-Walker C, Ashraf S, Walker N. Estimating the herd immunity effect of rotavirus vaccine. Vaccine. 2015;33(32):3795-800.

Kozuki N, Lee AC, Silveira MF, Sania A, Vogel JP, Adair L, et al. The associations of parity and maternal age with small-for-gestational-age, preterm, and neonatal and infant mortality: a meta-analysis. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S2.

 Kozuki N, Lee AC, Silveira MF, Victora CG, Adair L, Humphrey J, et al. The associations of birth intervals with small-for-gestational-age, preterm, and neonatal and infant mortality: a meta-analysis. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S3.

Stover J, Ross J. Changes in the distribution of high-risk births associated with changes in contraceptive prevalence. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S4.

Kozuki N, Sonneveldt E, Walker N. Residual confounding explains the association between high parity and child mortality. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S5.

Kozuki N, Walker N. Exploring the association between short/long preceding birth intervals and child mortality: using reference birth interval children of the same mother as comparison. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S6.

Bruce NG, Dherani MK, Das JK, Balakrishnan K, Adair-Rohani H, Bhutta ZA, et al. Control of household air pollution for child survival: estimates for intervention impacts. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S8.

Das JK, Ali A, Salam RA, Bhutta ZA. Antibiotics for the treatment of Cholera, Shigella and Cryptosporidium in children. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S10.

Das JK, Tripathi A, Ali A, Hassan A, Dojosoeandy C, Bhutta ZA. Vaccines for the prevention of diarrhea due to cholera, shigella, ETEC and rotavirus. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S11.

Pollard SL, Mathai M, Walker N. Estimating the impact of interventions on cause-specific maternal mortality: a Delphi approach. BMC Public Health. 2013;13(3):1-8.

Lassi ZS, Das JK, Zahid G, Imdad A, Bhutta ZA. Impact of education and provision of complementary feeding on growth and morbidity in children less than 2 years of age in developing countries: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S13.

 Nair H, Lau E, Brooks W, Seong A, Theodoratou E, Zgaga L, et al. An evaluation of the emerging vaccines against influenza in children. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S14.

Imdad A, Mullany LC, Baqui AH, El Arifeen S, Tielsch JM, Khatry SK, et al. The effect of umbilical cord cleansing with chlorhexidine on omphalitis and neonatal mortality in community settings in developing countries: a meta-analysis. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S15.

 Applegate JA, Fischer Walker CL, Ambikapathi R, Black RE. Systematic review of probiotics for the treatment of community-acquired acute diarrhea in children. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S16.

Gaffey MF, Wazny K, Bassani DG, Bhutta ZA. Dietary management of childhood diarrhea in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S17.

Lamberti LM, Zakarija-Grkovic I, Fischer Walker CL, Theodoratou E, Nair H, Campbell H, et al. Breastfeeding for reducing the risk of pneumonia morbidity and mortality in children under two: a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S18.

Sonneveldt E, DeCormier Plosky W, Stover J. Linking high parity and maternal and child mortality: what is the impact of lower health services coverage among higher order births? BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S7.

Das JK, Kumar R, Salam RA, Freedman S, Bhutta ZA. The effect of antiemetics in childhood gastroenteritis. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S9

 Davis S, Feikin D, Johnson HL. The effect of Haemophilus influenzae type B and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on childhood meningitis mortality: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S21.

 Debes AK, Kohli A, Walker N, Edmond K, Mullany LC. Time to initiation of breastfeeding and neonatal mortality and morbidity: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S19.

Haroon S, Das JK, Salam RA, Imdad A, Bhutta ZA. Breastfeeding promotion interventions and breastfeeding practices: a systematic review. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S20

Salam RA, MacPhail C, Das JK, Bhutta ZA. Effectiveness of Micronutrient Powders (MNP) in women and children. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S22.

 Lenters LM, Das JK, Bhutta ZA. Systematic review of strategies to increase use of oral rehydration solution at the household level. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S28.

Das JK, Lassi ZS, Salam RA, Bhutta ZA. Effect of community based interventions on childhood diarrhea and pneumonia: uptake of treatment modalities and impact on mortality. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S29.

Salam RA, Das JK, Darmstadt GL, Bhutta ZA. Emollient therapy for preterm newborn infants--evidence from the developing world. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S31.

 Lenters LM, Wazny K, Webb P, Ahmed T, Bhutta ZA. Treatment of severe and moderate acute malnutrition in low- and middle-income settings: a systematic review, meta-analysis and Delphi process. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S23.

 Bhutta ZA, Das JK, Walker N, Rizvi A, Campbell H, Rudan I, et al. Interventions to address deaths from childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea equitably: what works and at what cost? Lancet. 2013;381(9875):1417-29.

Ishaque S, Yakoob MY, Imdad A, Goldenberg RL, Eisele TP, Bhutta ZA. Effectiveness of interventions to screen and manage infections during pregnancy on reducing stillbirths: a review. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S3.

 Imdad A, Yakoob MY, Bhutta ZA. Impact of maternal education about complementary feeding and provision of complementary foods on child growth in developing countries. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S25.

Thwing J, Eisele TP, Steketee RW. Protective efficacy of malaria case management and intermittent preventive treatment for preventing malaria mortality in children: a systematic review for the Lives Saved Tool. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S14.

Imdad A, Yakoob MY, Siddiqui S, Bhutta ZA. Screening and triage of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in general population and high risk pregnancies: a systematic review with a focus on reduction of IUGR related stillbirths. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S1.

 Syed M, Javed H, Yakoob MY, Bhutta ZA. Effect of screening and management of diabetes during pregnancy on stillbirths. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S2.

Imdad A, Yakoob MY, Bhutta ZA. The effect of folic acid, protein energy and multiple micronutrient supplements in pregnancy on stillbirths. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S4

 Hussain AA, Yakoob MY, Imdad A, Bhutta ZA. Elective induction for pregnancies at or beyond 41 weeks of gestation and its impact on stillbirths: a systematic review with meta-analysis. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S5.

Jabeen M, Yakoob MY, Imdad A, Bhutta ZA. Impact of interventions to prevent and manage preeclampsia and eclampsia on stillbirths. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S6.

Yakoob MY, Ali MA, Ali MU, Imdad A, Lawn JE, Van Den Broek N, et al. The effect of providing skilled birth attendance and emergency obstetric care in preventing stillbirths. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S7.

 Ronsmans C, Campbell O. Quantifying the fall in mortality associated with interventions related to hypertensive diseases of pregnancy. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S8.

Blencowe H, Cousens S, Kamb M, Berman S, Lawn JE. Lives Saved Tool supplement detection and treatment of syphilis in pregnancy to reduce syphilis related stillbirths and neonatal mortality. BMC Public Health. 2011.

 Lee AC, Cousens S, Darmstadt GL, Blencowe H, Pattinson R, Moran NF, et al. Care during labor and birth for the prevention of intrapartum-related neonatal deaths: a systematic review and Delphi estimation of mortality effect. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S10.

 Blencowe H, Cousens S, Mullany LC, Lee ACC, Kerber K, Wall S, et al. Clean birth and postnatal care practices to reduce neonatal deaths from sepsis and tetanus: a systematic review and Delphi estimation of mortality effect. BMC Public Health. 2011.

 Lee AC, Cousens S, Wall SN, Niermeyer S, Darmstadt GL, Carlo WA, et al. Neonatal resuscitation and immediate newborn assessment and stimulation for the prevention of neonatal deaths: a systematic review, meta-analysis and Delphi estimation of mortality effect. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S12.

 Zaidi AK, Ganatra HA, Syed S, Cousens S, Lee AC, Black R, et al. Effect of case management on neonatal mortality due to sepsis and pneumonia. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S13.

Lamberti LM, Fischer Walker CL, Noiman A, Victora C, Black RE. Breastfeeding and the risk for diarrhea morbidity and mortality. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S15.

 Fischer Walker CL, Black RE. Rotavirus vaccine and diarrhea mortality: quantifying regional variation in effect size. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S16.

Imdad A, Bhutta ZA. Effect of balanced protein energy supplementation during pregnancy on birth outcomes. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S17

Imdad A, Jabeen A, Bhutta ZA. Role of calcium supplementation during pregnancy in reducing risk of developing gestational hypertensive disorders: a meta-analysis of studies from developing countries. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S18.

Haider BA, Yakoob MY, Bhutta ZA. Effect of multiple micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy on maternal and birth outcomes. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S19.

 Imdad A, Yakoob MY, Sudfeld C, Haider BA, Black RE, Bhutta ZA. Impact of vitamin A supplementation on infant and childhood mortality. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S20.

Yakoob MY, Bhutta ZA. Effect of routine iron supplementation with or without folic acid on anemia during pregnancy. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S21.

Imdad A, Bhutta ZA. Effect of preventive zinc supplementation on linear growth in children under 5 years of age in developing countries: a meta-analysis of studies for input to the Lives Saved Tool. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S22.

 Yakoob MY, Theodoratou E, Jabeen A, Imdad A, Eisele TP, Ferguson J, et al. Preventive zinc supplementation in developing countries: impact on mortality and morbidity due to diarrhea, pneumonia and malaria. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S23.

 Imdad A, Yakoob MY, Bhutta ZA. Effect of breastfeeding promotion interventions on breastfeeding rates, with special focus on developing countries. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S24.

Webster J, Theodoratou E, Nair H, Seong AC, Zgaga L, Huda T, et al. An evaluation of emerging vaccines for childhood pneumococal pneumonia. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S26.

Huda T, Nair H, Theodoratou E, Zgaga L, Fattom A, El Arifeen S, et al. An evaluation of the emerging vaccines and immunotherapy against staphylococcal pneumonia in children. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S27.

Catto AG, Zgaga L, Theodoratou E, Huda T, Nair H, Arifeen SE, et al. An evaluation of oxygen systems for treatment of childhood pneumonia. BMC Public Health. 2011.

 Choudhuri D, Huda T, Theodoratou E, Nair H, Zgaga L, Falconer R, et al. An evaluation of emerging vaccines for childhood meningococcal disease. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S29.

Nair H, Verma VR, Theodoratou E, Zgaga L, Huda T, Simoes EA, et al. An evaluation of the emerging interventions against Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV)-associated acute lower respiratory infections in children. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S30.

Higginson D, Theodoratou E, Nair H, Huda T, Zgaga L, Jadhav SS, et al. An evaluation of respiratory administration of measles vaccine for prevention of acute lower respiratory infections in children. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S31.

Agnandji ST, Lell B, Soulanoudjingar SS, Fernandes JF, Abossolo BP, Conzelmann C, et al. First results of phase 3 trial of RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine in African children. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(20):1863-75.

Sudfeld CR, Navar AM, Halsey NA. Effectiveness of measles vaccination and vitamin A treatment. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i48-55.

Munos MK, Walker CL, Black RE. The effect of rotavirus vaccine on diarrhoea mortality. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i56-62.

Walker, C.L. and R.E. Black, Zinc for the treatment of diarrhoea: effect on diarrhoea morbidity, mortality and incidence of future episodes. Int J Epidemiol, 2010. 39 Suppl 1: p. i63-9.

Munos MK, Walker CL, Black RE. The effect of oral rehydration solution and recommended home fluids on diarrhoea mortality. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i75-87.

Blencowe H, Lawn J, Vandelaer J, Roper M, Cousens S. Tetanus toxoid immunization to reduce mortality from neonatal tetanus. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i102-9.

Blencowe H, Cousens S, Modell B, Lawn J. Folic acid to reduce neonatal mortality from neural tube disorders. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i110-21.

Mwansa-Kambafwile J, Cousens S, Hansen T, Lawn JE. Antenatal steroids in preterm labour for the prevention of neonatal deaths due to complications of preterm birth. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i122-33.

Cousens S, Blencowe H, Gravett M, Lawn JE. Antibiotics for pre-term pre-labour rupture of membranes: prevention of neonatal deaths due to complications of pre-term birth and infection. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i134-43.

Lawn JE, Mwansa-Kambafwile J, Horta BL, Barros FC, Cousens S. 'Kangaroo mother care' to prevent neonatal deaths due to preterm birth complications. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i144-54.

 Theodoratou E, Al-Jilaihawi S, Woodward F, Ferguson J, Jhass A, Balliet M, et al. The effect of case management on childhood pneumonia mortality in developing countries. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i155-71.

Eisele TP, Larsen D, Steketee RW. Protective efficacy of interventions for preventing malaria mortality in children in Plasmodium falciparum endemic areas. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39(Suppl 1):i88-i10 

 Cairncross S, Hunt C, Boisson S, Bostoen K, Curtis V, Fung IC, et al. Water, sanitation and hygiene for the prevention of diarrhoea. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i193-205.

Theodoratou E, Johnson S, Jhass A, Madhi SA, Clark A, Boschi-Pinto C, et al. The effect of Haemophilus influenzae type b and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on childhood pneumonia incidence, severe morbidity and mortality. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i172-85.

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LiST validation studies

 Victora CG, Barros AJ, Malpica-Llanos T, Walker N. How within-country inequalities and co-coverage may affect LiST estimates of lives saved by scaling up interventions. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S24.

Larsen DA, Friberg IK, Eisele TP. Comparison of Lives Saved Tool model child mortality estimates against measured data from vector control studies in sub-Saharan Africa. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S34.

Ricca J, Prosnitz D, Perry H, Edward A, Morrow M, Ernst P, et al. Comparing estimates of child mortality reduction modelled in LiST with pregnancy history survey data for a community-based NGO project in Mozambique. BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S35.

Chen W-J. Comparison of LiST measles mortality model and WHO/IVB measles model. BMC Public Health. 2011.

 Amouzou A, Richard SA, Friberg IK, Bryce J, Baqui AH, El Arifeen S, et al. How Well Does LiST Capture Mortality by Wealth Quintile? A Comparison of Measured Versus Modelled Mortality Rates among Children under-Five in Bangladesh. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i186-92.

Friberg IK, Bhutta ZA, Darmstadt GL, Bang A, Cousens S, Baqui AH, et al. Comparing Modelled Predictions of Neonatal Mortality Impacts Using List with Observed Results of Community-Based Intervention Trials in South Asia. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i11-20.

Hazel E, Gilroy K, Friberg I, Black RE, Bryce J, Jones G. Comparing modelled to measured mortality reductions: applying the Lives Saved Tool to evaluation data from the Accelerated Child Survival Programme in West Africa. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i32-9.

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 Overview of LiST and the Modeling Approach

Friberg IK, Walker N. Using the Lives Saved Tool as part of evaluations of community case management programs. J Glob Health. 2014;4(2):020412.

Fischer Walker CL, Walker N. The Lives Saved Tool (LiST) as a model for diarrhea mortality reduction. BMC Med. 2014;12:70.

Walker N, Tam Y, Friberg IK. Overview of the Lives Saved Tool (LiST). BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S1.

Boschi-Pinto C, Young M, Black RE. The Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group reviews of the effectiveness of interventions to reduce maternal, neonatal and child mortality. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i3-6.

Fox MJ, Martorell R, van den Broek N, Walker N. Assumptions and methods in the Lives Saved Tool (LiST). BMC Public Health. 2011.

Winfrey W, McKinnon R, Stover J. Methods used in the Lives Saved Tool (LiST). BMC Public Health. 2011;11 Suppl 3:S32.

 Walker N, Fischer-Walker C, Bryce J, Bahl R, Cousens S. Standards for CHERG reviews of intervention effects on child survival. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i21-31.

Victora CG. Commentary: LiST: using epidemiology to guide child survival policymaking and programming. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i1-2.

 Stover J, McKinnon R, Winfrey B. Spectrum: a model platform for linking maternal and child survival interventions with AIDS, family planning and demographic projections. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i7-10.

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LiST in peer-reviewed journals

Kolekang A, Sarfo B, Danso-Appiah A, Dwomoh D, Akweongo P. (2022). Contribution of child health interventions to under-five mortality decline in Ghana: A modeling study using lives saved and missed opportunity tools. PLOS One.

Wetzler EA, Park C, Arroz JAH, Chande M, Mussambala F, Candrinho B. (2022). Impact of mass distribution of insecticide-treated netes in Mozambique, 2012 to 2025: Estimates of child lives saved using the Lives Saved Tool. PLOS Global Public Health.

Tong H, Kemp CG, Walker N. (2022). Estimating additional schooling and lifetime earning obtained from improved linear growth in low- and middle-income countries using the Lives Saved Tool (LiST). Journal of Global Health.

Baye K, Laillou A, Seyoum Y, Zvandaziva C, Chimanya K, Nyawo M. (2022). Estimates of child mortality reductions attributed to vitamin A supplementation in sub-Saharan Africa: scale-up, scale-back, or re-focus? The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.

Walker CF, Walker N, Black R. (2022). Updating the assumptions on the impact of household water, sanitation and hygiene interventions on diarrhea morbidity in young children. Journal of Global Health.

Gelli A, Kemp CG, Margolies A, Twalibu A, Katundu M, Levin C. (2022). Economic evaluation of an early childhood development center-based agriculture and nutrition intervention in Malawi. Food Security.

Weissman E, Buchner D, Hemachandra N, Siddeeg K, Samim Soroush M, Rahmanzai AJ, et al. (2022). Benefit-risk analysis of maintaining essential Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health (RMNCH) services against risk of COVID-19 infection. PLOS Glob Public Health.

Sacks E, Sakyi K, Owusu PG, Ohrt C, Ademuwagun L, et al. (2021). Factors contributing to neonatal mortality reduction in three regions in Ghana: a mixed-methods study using the Lives Saved (LiST) modelling tool. Journal of Global Health Reports.

North K, Gai M, Allen G, Lee, AC. (2021). Breastfeeding in a Global Context: Epidemiology, Impact, and Future Directions. Clinical Therapeutics.

Lam F, Stegmuller A, Chou VB, Graham HR. (2021). Oxygen systems strengthening as an intervention to prevent childhood deaths due to pneumonia in low- resource settings: systematic review, meta-analysis and cost-effectiveness. BMJ Global Health.

Chou VB, Stegmuller A, Vaughan K, Spiegel PB. (2021). The Humanitarian Lives Saved Tool: An evidence-based approach for reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health program planning in humanitarian settings. Journal of Global Health.

Fritz J, Herrick T, Golbert SS. (2021). Estimation of health impact from digitalizing last-mile Logistics Management Information Systems (LMIS) in Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Mozambique: A Lives Saved Tool (LiST) model analysis. PLOS One.

Desmond C, Erzse A, Watt K, Ward K, Newell ML, Hofman K. (2021). Realising the potential human development returns to investing in early and maternal nutrition: The importance of identifying and addressing constraints over the life course. PLOS Global Public Health

Tong H, Walker N. (2021). Current levels of coverage of iron and folic acid fortification are insufficient to meet the recommended intake for women of reproductive age in low- and middle-income countries. Journal of Global Health.

Sawadogo-Lewis T, McKinnon R, Wyman J, Winfrey W, Roberton T. (2021). Developing a user-friendly interface for the Lives Saved Tool: LiST Online. Journal of Global Health.

Stenberg K, Watts R, Bertram MY, Engesveen K, Maliqi B, Say L, Hutubessy R. (2021). Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions to Improve Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Outcomes: A WHO-CHOICE Analysis for Eastern Sub-Saharan Africa and South-East Asia. International Journal of Health Policy Management.

Jo Y, LeFevre AE, Ali H, et al. (2021). mCARE, a digital health intervention package on pregnancy surveillance and care-seeking reminders from 2018 to 2027 in Bangladesh: a model-based cost-effectiveness analysis. BMJ Open.

Toor J, Echeverria-Londono S, Li X, Abbas K, Carter ED, Clapham HE, et al. (2021). Lives saved with vaccination for 10 pathogens across 112 countries in a pre-COVID-19 world. eLife.

Vosti S, Adams K, Michuda A, Luo H, Woldegenreal D, et al. (2021). Selecting Micronutrient Intervention Programs to Save Lives: Evidence from Cameroon. Current Developments in Nutrition.

Geli A, Kemp CG, Margolies A, Twalibu A, Katundu M, Levin C. (2021). Economic evaluation of an early childhood development center-based agriculture and nutrition intervention in Malawi. Food Security

Minckas N, Medvedev MM, Adejuyigbe EA, Brotherton H, Chellani H, et al. (2021) Preterm care during the COVID-19 pandemic: A compartive risk analysis of neonatal deaths averted by kangaroo mother care versus mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. The Lancet EClinical Medicine

Kasahun AW, Abebe Adane H, Girum T, Wako WG. (2021). Effects of scaling up family planning on maternal survival in Ethiopia: spectrum modeling. International Journal of Women's Health.

Sawadogo-Lewis T, King SE, Aung T, Roberton T. (2021). The Potential Contribution of the Health System to Reducing Stunting in SUN Countries. Food and Nutrition Bulletin.

Rollins N, Minckas N, Jehan F, Lodha R, Raiten D, Thorne C, et al. (2021). A public health approach for deciding policy on infant feeding and mother–infant contact in the context of COVID-19. The Lancet Global Health. 2021 Feb;S2214109X20305386.

Assebe LF, Wondesen NB, Senait A, Asfaw E, Godana KT, et al. (2021). Economic evaluation of Health Extension Program packages in Ethiopia. PLOS One.

Baye K, Kennedy G. (2020) Estimates of dietary quality in infants and young children (6-23 mo): Evidence from demographic and health surveys of 49 low- and middle-income countries. Nutrition.

Vosti S, Engle-Stone R, Woldegebreal D, Luo H, Asfaw E, et al. (2020) Estimated Effectiveness and Cost-effectiveness of a Fortified Edible Oils Program in Ethiopia. Current Developments in Nutrition.

Li X, Mukandavire C, Cucunubá ZM, Echeverria Londono S, Abbas K, Clapham HE, et al; Vaccine Impact Modelling Consortium. Estimating the health impact of vaccination against ten pathogens in 98 low-income and middle-income countries from 2000 to 2030: a modelling study. Lancet. 2021 Jan 30;397(10272):398-408. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32657-X. PMID: 33516338; PMCID: PMC7846814.

Nove, A., Friberg, I. K., Bernis, L. D., Mcconville, F., Moran, A. C., Najjemba, M., . . . Homer, C. S. Potential impact of midwives in preventing and reducing maternal and neonatal mortality and stillbirths: A Lives Saved Tool modelling study. The Lancet Global Health 2021;9:1

Fotso JC, Ambrose A, Hutchinson P, Ali D. Improving maternal and newborn care: cost-effectiveness of an innovation to rebrand traditional birth attendants in Sierra Leone. Int J Public Health. 2020 Dec;65(9):1603–12.

Kamali M, Wright JE, Akseer N, Tasic H, Conway K, Brar S, et al. Trends and determinants of newborn mortality in Kyrgyzstan: a Countdown country case study. The Lancet Global Health. 2020 Dec;S2214109X20304605.

Stone B, Sambo J, Sawadogo-Lewis T, Roberton T. When it rains, it pours: detecting seasonal patterns in utilization of maternal healthcare in Mozambique using routine data. BMC Health Serv Res. 2020 Dec;20(1):950.

Roberton T, Carter ED, Chou VB, Stegmuller AR, Jackson BD, Tam Y, et al. Early estimates of the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and child mortality in low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling study. The Lancet Global Health. 2020;

Baye K. Prioritizing the Scale-Up of Evidence-Based Nutrition and Health Interventions to Accelerate Stunting Reduction in Ethiopia. Nutrients. 2019;11(12):3065.

Vosti S, Kagin J, Engle-Stone R, Luo H, Tarini A, et al. (2019) Strategies to achieve adequate vitamin A intake for young children: options for Cameroon. Annals of The New York Academy of Sciences.

Shepard DS, Zeng W, Mutasa R, Das AK, Sisimayi CN, et al. (2020). Cost-effectiveness of results-based financing of maternal and child health services in Zimbabwe: a controlled pre-post study. Journal of Hospital Management and Health Policy.

Chou VB, Walker N, Kanyangarara M. Estimating the global impact of poor quality of care on maternal and neonatal outcomes in 81 low- and middle-income countries: A modeling study. PLOS Medicine. 2019;16(12).

Choudhary TS, Sinha B, Khera A, Bhandari N, Chu Y, Jackson B, et al. Factors associated with the decline in under-five diarrhea mortality in India: a LiST analysis. Journal of Global Health. 2019;9(2):020804-.

Masanja H, Mongi P, Baraka J, Jackson B, Kisisiwe Y, Manji K, et al. Factors associated with the decline in under five diarrhea mortality in Tanzania from 1980-2015. Journal of Global Health. 2019;9(2).

Huicho L, Tavera M, Huayanay-Espinoza CA, Béjar-Díaz M, Rivera-Ch M, Tam Y, et al. Drivers of the progress achieved by Peru in reducing childhood diarrhoea mortality: a country case study. Journal of Global Health. 2019;9(2):020805-.

Nkwanyana NM, Voce AS. Are there decision support tools that might strengthen the health system for perinatal care in South African district hospitals? A review of the literature. BMC Health Services Research. 2019;19(1).

Black R, Fontaine O, Lamberti L, Bhan M, Huicho L, El Arifeen S, et al. Drivers of the reduction in childhood diarrhea mortality 1980-2015 and interventions to eliminate preventable diarrhea deaths by 2030. Journal of Global Health. 2019;9(2):020801-.

Billah SM, Raihana S, Ali NB, Iqbal A, Rahman MM, Khan ANS, et al. Bangladesh: a success case in combating childhood diarrhoea. Journal of Global Health. 2019;9(2):020803-.

Lauria ME, Fiori KP, Jones HE, Gbeleou S, Kenkou K, Agoro S, et al. Assessing the Integrated Community-Based Health Systems Strengthening initiative in northern Togo: a pragmatic effectiveness-implementation study protocol. Implementation Science. 2019;14(1):92.

Thapa J, Budhathoki SS, Gurung R, Paudel P, Jha B, Ghimire A, et al. Equity and Coverage in the Continuum of Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn and Child Health Services in Nepal-Projecting the Estimates on Death Averted Using the LiST Tool. Matern Child Health J. 2019.

Carter ED, Tam Y, Walker N. Impact of vaccination delay on deaths averted by pneumococcal conjugate vaccine: Modeled effects in 8 country scenarios. Vaccine. 2019.

Sadruddin S, Pagnoni F, Baugh G. Lessons from the integrated community case management (iCCM) Rapid Access Expansion Program. Journal of Global Health. 2019;9(2):020101.

Zeng W, Sun D, Mphwanthe H, Huan T, Nam JE, Saint-Firmin P, et al. The impact and cost-effectiveness of user fee exemption by contracting out essential health package services in Malawi. BMJ Global Health. 2019;4(2).

Hategeka C, Tuyisenge G, Bayingana C, Tuyisenge L. Effects of scaling up various community-level interventions on child mortality in Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Uganda and Tanzania: a modeling study. Global Health Research and Policy. 2019;4(1).

Prosnitz D, Herrera S, Coelho H, Davis LM, Zalisk K, Yourkavitch J. Evidence of Impact: iCCM as a strategy to save lives of children under five. Journal of Global Health. 2019;9(1).

Lam F, Wentworth L, Cherutich P, Migiro S, Abdala K, Musyoka M, et al. An evaluation of a national oral rehydration solution and zinc scale-up program in Kenya between 2011 and 2016. Journal of Global Health. 2019;9(1):01050

Alderman H, Nguyen PH, Menon P. Progress in reducing child mortality and stunting in India: an application of the Lives Saved Tool. Health Policy and Planning. 2019;34(9):667–75.

Junior JM, Cane RM, Goncalves MP, Sambo J, Konikoff J, Fernandes Q, et al. Projecting the lives saved by continuing the historical scale-up of child and maternal health interventions in Mozambique until 2030. Journal of Global Health. 2019;9(1):011102.

Schroder K, Battu A, Wentworth L, Houdek J, Fashanu C, Wiwa O, et al. Increasing coverage of pediatric diarrhea treatment in high-burden countries. Journal of Global Health. 2019;9(1):0010503-.

Mishra NR, Mohanty SK, Mittra D, Shah M, Meitei WB. Projecting stunting and wasting under alternative scenarios in Odisha, India, 2015-2030: a Lives Saved Tool (LiST)-based approach. BMJ Open. 2019;9(5):e028681.

Willcox M, Moorthy A, Mohan D, Romano K, Hutchful D, Mehl G, et al. Mobile Technology for Community Health in Ghana: Is Maternal Messaging and Provider Use of Technology Cost-Effective in Improving Maternal and Child Health Outcomes at Scale? J Med Internet Res. 2019;21(2):e11268.

Friberg IK, Venkateswaran M, Ghanem B, Frøen JF. Antenatal care data sources and their policy and planning implications: a Palestinian example using the Lives Saved Tool. BMC Public Health. 2019;19(1):124.

Chou VB, Bubb-Humfryes O, Sanders R, Walker N, Stover J, Cochrane T, et al. Pushing the envelope through the Global Financing Facility: potential impact of mobilising additional support to scale-up life-saving interventions for women, children and adolescents in 50 high-burden countries. BMJ Global Health. 2018Feb;3(5).

Niyeha D, Malamsha D, Mpembeni R, Charwe D, Epimark S, Malima K, et al. Explaining progress towards Millennium Development Goal 4 for child survival in Tanzania. J Glob Health. 2018;8(2):021201.

Macicame I, Magaço A, Cassocera M, Amado C, Feriano A, Chicumbe S, et al. Intervention heroes of Mozambique from 1997 to 2015: estimates of maternal and child lives saved using the Lives Saved Tool. J Glob Health. 2018;8(2):021202-.

Sharma S, George A. Neonatal Mortality Rate Projection: Will Indian States Achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3? 2018.

Witter S, Brikci N, Harris T, Williams R, Keen S, Mujica A, et al. The free healthcare initiative in Sierra Leone: Evaluating a health system reform, 2010‐2015. The International Journal of Health Planning and Management. 2018Dec;33(2):434–48.

Bukusuba J, Kaaya AN, Atukwase A. Modelling the impact of stunting on child survival in a rural Ugandan setting. BMC Nutrition. 2018;4(1):13.

Murray J, Head R, Sarrassat S, Hollowell J, Remes P, Lavoie M, et al. Modelling the effect of a mass radio campaign on child mortality using facility utilisation data and the Lives Saved Tool (LiST): findings from a cluster randomised trial in Burkina Faso. BMJ Global Health. 2018;3(4).

LeFevre A, Cabrera-Escobar MA, Mohan D, Eriksen J, Rogers D, Neo Parsons A, et al. Forecasting the Value for Money of Mobile Maternal Health Information Messages on Improving Utilization of Maternal and Child Health Services in Gauteng, South Africa: Cost-Effectiveness Analysis. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2018;6(7):e153.

Sarrassat S, Meda N, Badolo H, Ouedraogo M, Some H, Bambara R, et al. Effect of a mass radio campaign on family behaviours and child survival in Burkina Faso: a repeated cross-sectional, cluster-randomised trial. Lancet Glob Health. 2018;6(3):e330-e41.

Ayyanat JA, Harbour C, Kumar S, Singh M. LiST modelling with monitoring data to estimate impact on child mortality of an ORS and zinc programme with public sector providers in Bihar, India. BMC Public Health. 2018;18(1):103..

Sochas L, Channon AA, Nam S. Counting indirect crisis-related deaths in the context of a low-resilience health system: the case of maternal and neonatal health during the Ebola epidemic in Sierra Leone. Health Policy and Planning. 2017; 32(3):iii32–iii39

Khurmi MS, Sayinzoga F, Berhe A, Bucyana T, Mwali AK, Manzi E, et al. Newborn Survival Case Study in Rwanda - Bottleneck Analysis and Projections in Key Maternal and Child Mortality Rates Using Lives Saved Tool (LiST). Int J MCH AIDS. 2017;6(2):93-108.

Chou, V.B., et al., Expanding the population coverage of evidence–based interventions with community health workers to save the lives of mothers and children: an analysis of potential global impact using the Lives Saved Tool (LiST). J Glob Health, 2017 7(201702).

Ruducha, J., et al., How Ethiopia achieved Millennium Development Goal 4 through multisectoral interventions: a Countdown to 2015 case study. Lancet Glob Health, 2017. 5(11): p. e1142-e1151.

Nkonki, L.L., et al., Modelling the cost of community interventions to reduce child mortality in South Africa using the Lives Saved Tool (LiST). BMJ Open, 2017. 7(8): p. e011425.

Keats, E.C., et al., Progress and priorities for reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health in Kenya: a Countdown to 2015 country case study. Lancet Glob Health, 2017. 5(8): p. e782-e795.

Shekar, M., et al., Reaching the global target to reduce stunting: an investment framework. Health Policy Plan, 2017. 32(5): p. 657-668.

Askew I, Weinberger M, Dasgupta A, Darroch J, Smith E, Stover J, et al. Harmonizing Methods for Estimating the Impact of Contraceptive Use on Unintended Pregnancy, Abortion, and Maternal Health. Global Health: Science and Practice. 2017Jul;5(4):658–67.

Heidkamp, R.A., A. Clermont, and N. Walker, How Can We Reach World Health Assembly 2025 Nutrition Targets? Using the Lives Saved Tool to Support Strategic Planning by the Nutrition Sector in Low-and Middle-Income Countries. The FASEB Journal, 2017. 31(1 Supplement): p. 312.4-312.4.

Vosti, S.A., et al., From Dietary Adequacy for Vitamin A in Children and Folate in Women to Children’s Lives Saved in Cameroon: A Bioeconomic Model to Inform Cost-Effective Policy Choices. The FASEB Journal, 2017. 31(1 Supplement): p. 312.3-312.3.

Hamilton, M., et al., Spectrum-Malaria: a user-friendly projection tool for health impact assessment and strategic planning by malaria control programmes in sub-Saharan Africa. Malaria Journal, 2017. 16(1): p. 68.

Roberton T, Litvin K, Self A, Stegmuller AR. All things to all people: trade-offs in pursuit of an ideal modeling tool for maternal and child health. BMC Public Health. 2017;17(S4).

Higgins-Steele, A., et al., Ending Preventable Child Deaths from Pneumonia and Diarrhoea in Afghanistan: An Analysis of Intervention Coverage Scenarios Using the Lives Saved Tool. J Trop Med, 2017. 2017: p. 3120854.

Johri, M., et al., Adding interventions to mass measles vaccinations in India. Bull World Health Organ, 2016. 94(10): p. 718-727.

Doherty T., et al., Reduction in child mortality in Ethiopia: analysis of data from demographic and health surveys. J Glob Health, 2016, 2(6).

Huicho, L., et al., Child health and nutrition in Peru within an antipoverty political agenda: a Countdown to 2015 country case study. Lancet Glob Health, 2016. 4(6): p. e414-26. 

Tam, Y., et al., Remaining missed opportunities of child survival in Peru: modelling mortality impact of universal and equitable coverage of proven interventions. BMC Public Health, 2016. 16(1): p. 1048.

Akseer, N., et al., Coverage and inequalities in maternal and child health interventions in Afghanistan. BMC Public Health, 2016. 16 Suppl 2: p. 797.

Ariff, S. et al., Global Burden, Epidemiologic Trends, and Prevention of Intrapartum-Related Deaths in Low-Resource Settings. Clin Perinatol, 2016. 43(3): p. 593-608.

Arnesan L., et al., An analysis of three levels of scaled-up coverage for 28 interventions to avert stillbirths and maternal, newborn and child mortality in 27 countries in Latin America and the Caribbean with the Lives Saved Tool (LiST). BMC Public Health, 2016. 16(613).

Akseer, N., et al., Achieving maternal and child health gains in Afghanistan: a Countdown to 2015 country case study. Lancet Glob Health, 2016. 4(6): p. e395-413. 

Marchant, T., et al., Improved measurement for mothers, newborns and children in the era of the Sustainable Development Goals. J Glob Health, 2016. 6(1): p. 010506.

Bourgeois, A.L., T.F. Wierzba, and R.I. Walker, Status of vaccine research and development for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Vaccine, 2016. 34(26): p. 2880-6. 

Black, R.E., et al., Reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health: key messages from Disease Control Priorities 3rd Edition. Lancet, 2016.

McGee, S.A., et al., Strategic planning for saving the lives of mothers, newborns and children and preventing stillbirths in KwaZulu-Natal province South Africa: modelling using the Lives Saved Tool (LiST). BMC Public Health, 2016. 16(1): p. 49. 

Besada, D., et al., Niger's Child Survival Success, Contributing Factors and Challenges to Sustainability: A Retrospective Analysis. PLoS One, 2016. 11(1): p. e0146945.

Kanyuka, M., et al., Malawi and Millennium Development Goal 4: a Countdown to 2015 country case study.Lancet Glob Health, 2016. 4(3): p. e201-14.

Munos, M., et al., Independent Evaluation of the Rapid Scale-Up Program to Reduce Under-Five Mortality in Burkina Faso. Am J Trop Med Hyg, 2016. 94(3): p. 584-95. 

Berti, P., et al., An adequacy evaluation of a maternal health intervention in rural Honduras: the impact of engagement of men and empowerment of women. Rev Panam Salud Publica, 2015, 37(2): p.90-97 

Doherty, T., et al., Assessment of Malawi's success in child mortality reduction through the lens of the Catalytic Initiative Integrated Health Systems Strengthening programme: Retrospective evaluation. J Glob Health, 2015. 5(2): p. 020412. 

George, C.M., et al., Evaluation of the effectiveness of care groups in expanding population coverage of Key child survival interventions and reducing under-5 mortality: a comparative analysis using the lives saved tool (LiST). BMC Public Health, 2015. 15: p. 835.

Byrne, A., A. Hodge, and E. Jimenez-Soto, Accelerating Maternal and Child Health Gains in Papua New Guinea: Modelled Predictions from Closing the Equity Gap Using LiST. Matern Child Health J, 2015. 19(11): p. 2429-37. 

Perry, H., et al., Care Groups II: A Summary of the Child Survival Outcomes Achieved Using Volunteer Community Health Workers in Resource-Constrained Settings. Glob Health Sci Pract, 2015. 3(3): p. 370-81.

Mubiru, D., et al., Evaluation of Integrated Community Case Management in Eight Districts of Central Uganda. PLoS One, 2015. 10(8): p. e0134767.

McPake, B., et al., Cost-effectiveness of community-based practitioner programmes in Ethiopia, Indonesia and Kenya. Bull World Health Organ, 2015. 93(9): p. 631-639a.  

Das, J.K., et al., State of neonatal health care in eight countries of the SAARC region, South Asia: how can we make a difference? Paediatr Int Child Health, 2015. 35(3): p. 174-86.

Jiang, Z., et al., Determining Optimal Strategies to Reduce Maternal and Child Mortality in Rural Areas in Western China: an Assessment Using the Lives Saved Tool. Biomed Environ Sci, 2015. 28(8): p. 606-10.

Afnan-Holmes, H., et al., Tanzania's countdown to 2015: an analysis of two decades of progress and gaps for reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health, to inform priorities for post-2015. Lancet Glob Health, 2015. 3(7): p. e396-409.

Head, R., et al., Can mass media interventions reduce child mortality? Lancet, 2015. 386(9988): p. 97-100.

Chola, L., et al., Scaling Up Family Planning to Reduce Maternal and Child Mortality: The Potential Costs and Benefits of Modern Contraceptive Use in South Africa. PLoS One, 2015. 10(6): p. e0130077.

Chola, L., et al., Cost and impact of scaling up interventions to save lives of mothers and children: taking South Africa closer to MDGs 4 and 5. Glob Health Action, 2015. 8: p. 27265.

Chola, L., et al., Reducing diarrhoea deaths in South Africa: costs and effects of scaling up essential interventions to prevent and treat diarrhoea in under-five children. BMC Public Health, 2015. 15: p. 394.

Langston, A.C., D.M. Prosnitz, and E.G. Sarriot, Neglected value of small population-based surveys: a comparison with demographic and health survey data. J Health Popul Nutr, 2015. 33(1): p. 123-36.

Bishai, D., et al., Cost-effectiveness of using a social franchise network to increase uptake of oral rehydration salts and zinc for childhood diarrhea in rural Myanmar. Cost Eff Resour Alloc, 2015. 13: p. 3.

Alfonso, Y.N., et al., Cost-effectiveness analysis of a voucher scheme combined with obstetrical quality improvements: quasi experimental results from Uganda. Health Policy Plan, 2015. 30(1): p. 88-99.             

Michalow, J., et al., Triple return on investment: the cost and impact of 13 interventions that could prevent stillbirths and save the lives of mothers and babies in South Africa. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 2015. 15: p. 39.

Jit, M., et al., Thirty years of vaccination in Vietnam: Impact and cost-effectiveness of the national Expanded Programme on Immunization. Vaccine, 2015. 33 Suppl 1: p. A233-9. 

Shillcutt, S.D., et al., Protocol for the economic evaluation of the diarrhea alleviation through zinc and oral rehydration salt therapy at scale through private and public providers in rural Gujarat and Uttar Pradesh, India. Implement Sci, 2014. 9: p. 164.    

Das, J.K., R.A. Salam, and Z.A. Bhutta, Global burden of childhood diarrhea and interventions. Curr Opin Infect Dis, 2014. 27(5): p. 451-8.

Johri, M., et al., Estimation of maternal and child mortality one year after user-fee elimination: an impact evaluation and modelling study in Burkina Faso. Bull World Health Organ, 2014. 92(10): p. 706-15.

Homer, C.S., et al., The projected effect of scaling up midwifery. Lancet, 2014. 384(9948): p. 1146-57.

Ricca, J., et al., Community-based intervention packages facilitated by NGOs demonstrate plausible evidence for child mortality impact. Health Policy Plan, 2014. 29(2): p. 204-16.

Darmstadt GL, Kinney MV, Chopra M, Cousens S, Kak L, Paul VK, et al. Who has been caring for the baby?The Lancet.384(9938):174-88.

 Bhutta ZA, Das JK, Bahl R, Lawn JE, Salam RA, Paul VK, et al. Can available interventions end preventable deaths in mothers, newborn babies, and stillbirths, and at what cost? Lancet. 2014;384(9940):347-70.

Jo Y, Labrique AB, Lefevre AE, Mehl G, Pfaff T, Walker N, et al. Using the lives saved tool (LiST) to model mHealth impact on neonatal survival in resource-limited settings. PLoS One. 2014;9(7):e102224.

Bartlett L, Weissman E, Gubin R, Patton-Molitors R, Friberg IK. The impact and cost of scaling up midwifery and obstetrics in 58 low- and middle-income countries. PLoS One. 2014;9(6):e98550.

 Paintain LS, Kolaczinski J, Renshaw M, Filler S, Kilian A, Webster J, et al. Sustaining fragile gains: the need to maintain coverage with long-lasting insecticidal nets for malaria control and likely implications of not doing so. PLoS One. 2013;8(12):e83816.

Curry LA, Byam P, Linnander E, Andersson KM, Abebe Y, Zerihun A, et al. Evaluation of the Ethiopian Millennium Rural Initiative: impact on mortality and cost-effectiveness. PLoS One. 2013;8(11):e79847.

Acharya A, Liu L, Li Q, Friberg IK. Estimating the child health equity potential of improved sanitation in Nepal. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S25.

Walker N, Yenokyan G, Friberg IK, Bryce J. Patterns in coverage of maternal, newborn, and child health interventions: projections of neonatal and under-5 mortality to 2035. Lancet. 2013;382(9897):1029-38.

Marsh A, Munos M, Baya B, Sanon D, Gilroy K, Bryce J. Using LiST to model potential reduction in under-five mortality in Burkina Faso. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S26. 

Adesina A, Bollinger LA. Estimating the cost-savings associated with bundling maternal and child health interventions: a proposed methodology. BMC Public Health. 2013;13 Suppl 3:S

 Luo DS, Chen LL, Wei P, Jiang Z, Guo Y. [Applicability of lives saved tool in projecting effects of scaling up interventions on reducing maternal mortality rates in the rural area of Guangxi province in China]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao. 2013;45(3):427-31.

Lee LA, Franzel L, Atwell J, Datta SD, Friberg IK, Goldie SJ, et al. The estimated mortality impact of vaccinations forecast to be administered during 2011-2020 in 73 countries supported by the GAVI Alliance. Vaccine. 2013;31 Suppl 2:B61-72.

Ruhago GM, Ngalesoni FN, Norheim OF. Addressing inequity to achieve the maternal and child health millennium development goals: looking beyond averages. BMC Public Health. 2012;12:1119.

 Onarheim KH, Tessema S, Johansson KA, Eide KT, Norheim OF, Miljeteig I. Prioritizing child health interventions in Ethiopia: modeling impact on child mortality, life expectancy and inequality in age at death. PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e41521.

Carrera C, Azrack A, Begkoyian G, Pfaffmann J, Ribaira E, O'Connell T, et al. The comparative cost-effectiveness of an equity-focused approach to child survival, health, and nutrition: a modelling approach. Lancet. 2012;380(9850):1341-51.

Amouzou A, Habi O, Bensaid K. Reduction in child mortality in Niger: a Countdown to 2015 country case study. Lancet. 2012;380(9848):1169-78.

Eisele TP, Larsen DA, Walker N, Cibulskis RE, Yukich JO, Zikusooka CM, et al. Estimates of child deaths prevented from malaria prevention scale-up in Africa 2001-2010. Malar J. 2012;11:93.

Vijayaraghavan M, Wallace A, Mirza IR, Kamadjeu R, Nandy R, Durry E, et al. Economic evaluation of a Child Health Days strategy to deliver multiple maternal and child health interventions in Somalia. J Infect Dis. 2012;205 Suppl 1:S134-40.

Korenromp EL. Lives saved from malaria prevention in Africa--evidence to sustain cost-effective gains. Malar J. 2012;11:94.

 Zhang JS. Efficacy and effectiveness of 20 child health interventions in China: Systematic review of Chinese literature. J Glob Health. 2011;1(1):87-95.

Akachi Y, Atun R. Effect of investment in malaria control on child mortality in sub-Saharan Africa in 2002-2008. PLoS One. 2011;6(6):e21309.

 Bhutta ZA, Yakoob MY, Lawn JE, Rizvi A, Friberg IK, Weissman E, et al. Stillbirths: what difference can we make and at what cost? Lancet. 2011;377(9776):1523-38.

Nakamura H, Ikeda N, Stickley A, Mori R, Shibuya K. Achieving MDG 4 in sub-Saharan Africa: what has contributed to the accelerated child mortality decline in Ghana? PLoS One. 2011;6(3):e17774.

Fischer Walker CL, Friberg IK, Binkin N, Young M, Walker N, Fontaine O, et al. Scaling up diarrhea prevention and treatment interventions: a Lives Saved Tool analysis. PLoS Med. 2011;8(3):e1000428.

 Acuin CS, Khor GL, Liabsuetrakul T, Achadi EL, Htay TT, Firestone R, et al. Maternal, neonatal, and child health in southeast Asia: towards greater regional collaboration. Lancet. 2011;377(9764):516-25.

 Bryce J, Friberg IK, Kraushaar D, Nsona H, Afenyadu GY, Nare N, et al. LiST as a catalyst in program planning: experiences from Burkina Faso, Ghana and Malawi. Int J Epidemiol. 2010;39 Suppl 1:i40-7.

Friberg IK, Kinney MV, Lawn JE, Kerber KJ, Odubanjo MO, Bergh AM, et al. Sub-Saharan Africa's mothers, newborns, and children: how many lives could be saved with targeted health interventions? PLoS Med. 2010;7(6):e100029

Lawn JE, Kinney M, Lee AC, Chopra M, Donnay F, Paul VK, et al. Reducing intrapartum-related deaths and disability: can the health system deliver? Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2009;107 Suppl 1:S123-40, s40-2.

Masanja H, de Savigny D, Smithson P, Schellenberg J, John T, Mbuya C, et al. Child survival gains in Tanzania: analysis of data from demographic and health surveys. Lancet. 2008;371(9620):1276-8

Darmstadt GL, Walker N, Lawn JE, Bhutta ZA, Haws RA, Cousens S. Saving newborn lives in Asia and Africa: cost and impact of phased scale-up of interventions within the continuum of care. Health Policy Plan. 2008;23(2):101-17.

Bryce J, Black RE, Walker N, Bhutta ZA, Lawn JE, Steketee RW. Can the world afford to save the lives of 6 million children each year? Lancet. 2005;365(9478):2193-200.

Darmstadt GL, Bhutta ZA, Cousens S, Adam T, Walker N, de Bernis L. Evidence-based, cost-effective interventions: how many newborn babies can we save? Lancet. 2005;365(9463):977-88.

 Martines J, Paul VK, Bhutta ZA, Koblinsky M, Soucat A, Walker N, et al. Neonatal survival: a call for action. Lancet. 2005;365(9465):1189-97.

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LiST work in the past

 The LiST team at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health offers technical support to organizations and groups that would like to use LiST to develop scenarios and projections that could help in their strategic planning.  Here are some sample projects.

Estimating the costs and benefits of scaling-up interventions to prevent poor birth outcomes. -This paper estimates the costs and the economic and health benefits associated with scaling up coverage of proven and potential interventions that could be provided during antenatal care to prevent small-for-gestational age births, preterm births and stillbirths. -Zip files 1, Zip files 2, Zip files 3, Zip files 4, Zip files 5, BCR calculations

Lancet Midwifery Series - Paper 2 - Scaling up interventions which midwives are capable of, at 4 different levels, with different packages of care. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

UNICEF ARI-DD report v1 - Scaling up pneumonia and diarrhea interventions (various packages of only treatment and only preventive interventions) from coverage of the poorest quintile to coverage of the richest quintile to see impact on deaths averted and mortality rates in Bangladesh. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

DOVE v2 Middle Income Countries - Impact of scaling up a combination of vaccines (DTP, Hib, Pneumo, Rota, Measles, Malaria) to 90% in 2015 in 14 middle income countries. - MS Word Doc - Zip Files

Save the Children Lancet Child Deaths v.2.1 -  To estimate the number of U5 lives saved by scaling up coverage of a combination of child health interventions; and to update the Lancet Child Survival estimates from 2003 -  MS Word Doc, Zip Files

Gates Pneumo - Estimate the pnuemonia deaths averted when scaling up a combination of pneumonia interventions to universal and reasonable coverages in 25 high pneumonia burden countries. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

Save the Children Lancet Child Deaths v.2.2 - Estimate the number of U5 lives saved due to each interventions by scaling up coverage to reasonable / achievable targets. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

UNICEF ARI-DD report v2 - Scaling up pneumonia and diarrhea interventions  from current national coverage to the richest coverage to see impact on deaths averted and mortality rates. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

GombeProjectAnalysis - Assess the potential impact of a 4-pronged program intervening at delivery in Nigeria. - Zip Files

Gates Vaccine Routine Immunization Team v1 - Impact of scaling up DTP, Hib, Pneumococcal, Rotavirus and Measles vaccines as a combination on U5 pertussis, pneumonia, meningitis, diarrhea, and measles deaths. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

Vaccines Save the Children UK v1 - Impact of scaling up DTP, Hib, Pneumococcal, Rotavirus and Measles vaccines as a combination and individually to GVAP and GIVS targets  on U5 deaths, U5 pertussis, pneumonia, meningitis, diarrhea, and measles deaths, and U5 deaths due to each vaccine. - MS Word Doc,  Zip Files 1 | 2 | 3 | 4

Vaccines Save the Children UK v2 - Impact of scaling up DTP, Hib, Pneumococcal, Rotavirus and Measles vaccines as a combination and individually from current national coverage to the richest quintile's coverage on U5 deaths, U5 pertussis, pneumonia, meningitis, diarrhea, and measles deaths, and U5 deaths due to each vaccine. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

PATH Diarrhea - Impact of reasonable scale up of group of interventions that impact diarrhea mortality on diarrhea incidence and mortality. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

DOVE 2 BRICS Countries - Impact of scaling up DTP, Hib, Pneumo, Rota on cause specific deaths. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

Save the Children Lancet Child Deaths v.2.3 - Produce impact of scaling up a group of interventions to full coverage 99% to be used in costing exercise. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

SaveUK-CCMTK - Assess the impact of including antibiotics for pneumonia in community health worker capabilities. -  Zip Files

Gates Vaccine - Impact of scaling up DTP, Hib, Pneumo, Rota vaccines individually and as a combo to 90%, and scaling the combo to level of current DTP coverage on deaths averted per 1000 vaccinated This was compared to vaccine coverage of 0%. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

Save the Children Myanmar - To evaluate the impact of child health program in underserved area. - Contact us for more information

USAID MNCH - Analysis looking at the impact of different packages of interventions at different coverage levels for 68 low- and middle-income countries. - MS Word Doc,  Newer Intervention Files 1 | 2, Proven Intervention Files 1 | 2, Coverage Data (xlsx)

UNICEF Pakistan Flood - Estimate impact of floods on Pakistan mortality for an interagency report. For this, we estimated the number of deaths due to interruption of routine health services.. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

CCP Nepal - Analyze impact of 11 family health interventions in 25 districts in Nepal. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

Gates DOVE - Impact of scaling up DTP, Hib, Pneumo, Rota and Measles vaccines to 90% on U5 deaths averted by cause and life expectancy. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

Gates McKinsey Family Health - Impact of scaling up sets of family health interventions to 80%, 90%, 95%, 100% coverage on U5 and maternal deaths, and deaths averted by intervention. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

GAVI Demand Forecast - Impact of scaling up DTP, Hib, Pneumo, Rota vaccines as combo on U5 deaths % reduction compared to no scale-up, U5 deaths % reduction compared to 0% coverage, deaths averted by vaccine, deaths averted by disease cause. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

GAVI demand forecast v.2 - Impact of scaling up DTP, Hib, Measles 2nd dose, Pneumo, Rota vaccines as combo on U5 deaths % reduction compared to no scale-up, U5 deaths % reduction compared to 0% coverage, deaths averted by vaccine, and deaths averted by disease cause. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

DFID Malaria - Developed estimates of deaths and cases averted, as well as ITNS, RDTs and ACT doses required to scale up malaria interventions in 22 countries. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

USAID Pakistan Vaccine - Estimate of impact of vaccine scale-up in Pakistan For USAID re-focus on Pakistan for MCHIP 2011. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

MTI Liberia - To evaluate a 4 year child survival project. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

GAVI IFFIm - Impact of scaled up coverage of Pentavalent vaccine due to IFFIm funding on U5 deaths averted. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

CIFF ORS - Analyze impact of ORS and zinc scale up in 3 states in India as part of program planning. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

GAVI Zambia - To identify the package of interventions that will have the most impact on child mortality reductions in the Luapula province of Zambia, so that these interventions can be used as incentives to supplement the introduction of pneumo vaccine in the province. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

Gates Malaria - To estimate the impact of scaling up coverage of a package of malaria interventions on U5 and maternal malaria deaths averted in two scale-up scenarios – conservative and according to Roll Back Malaria target. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

Gates Volt Ethiopia - Estimate the impact of scaling up coverage of a package of interventions' (with or without scaling up the contraceptive prevalence rate, and with or without IPTp recommendation) impact on neonatal, U5, maternal mortality rate, rate of stillbirths, U5 deaths and lives saved in Ethiopia. - MS Word Doc, Zip Files

Integration Analysis - These scenarios estimate the impact of scaling up MNCH and family planning on top of HIV and malaria interventions.  (These are Spectrum / LiST files) - Zip Files

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Using LiST to model indirect impacts of the Covid-19 pandemic

See our recent webinar to discuss the LiST team’s analysis of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and child mortality, and answer any questions here. The slides are also available here.

A collection of ways that LiST has been used to model impacts of the coronavirus pandemic on maternal and child health. While LiST is typically used to model what would happen if coverage of interventions were to be scaled up, it can also be use to model reductions in coverage.

Covid-19 disruptions killed 228,000 children in South Asia, says UN report, in BBC News, 17 March 2021

Bhutta Z and the Research Team, Direct and indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and response in South Asia, UNICEF, March 2021

Osendarp S, Akuoku JK, Black RE, Headey D, Ruel M, Scott N, et al. (2021). The COVID-19 crisis will exacerbate maternal and child undernutrition and child mortality in low- and middle-income countries. Nature Food.

Jacome A, Castaneda-Orjuela C, Barahona N. (2021). Indirect effects of the SARS CoV-2 pandemic on the prevalence of breastfeeding: Modeling its impact. Biomedica.

Rollins N, Minckas N, Jehan F, Lodha R, Raiten D, Thorne C, et al. A public health approach for deciding policy on infant feeding and mother–infant contact in the context of COVID-19. The Lancet Global Health. 2021 Feb;S2214109X20305386.

Headley D, Heidkamp R, Osendarp S, Ruel M, Scott N, Black RE, Shekar M, Bouis H, Flory A, Haddad L, Walker N.  (2020). Impacts of COVID-19 on childhood malnutrition and nutrition-related mortality.  The Lancet 396: 519-521 27 July 2020

Riley T, Sully E, Ahmed Z, Biddlecom A. (2020). Estimates of the Potential Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Sexual and Reproductive Health in Low- and Middle Income Countries. International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health.

The risks of a secondary health crisis for women and children: 3 things to know, by Monique Vledder in Investing in Health, 25 June 2020

Risks Of Home Birth Loom For Women In Rural Africa Amid Lockdowns, by Patrick Adams in NPR Goats and Soda, 12 June 2020

Stalled vaccine programmes 'putting children's lives at risk', by Tulip Mazumdar in BBC News, 4 June 2020

COVID-19 Threatens The World's Children In More Ways Than One, by Sarah Ferguson in Forbes, 2 June 2020

Study Warns 1.1 Million Children Could Die as Pandemic Interrupts Access to Food & Medical Care, by Amy Goodman interviewing Tim Roberton and Beate Kampmann, in DemocracyNow, 21 May 2020

Early Estimates of the Indirect Effects of the Coronavirus Pandemic on Maternal and Child Mortality in Low- and Middle-Income Countries by Timothy Roberton, Emily Carter, Victoria Chou, Angela Stegmuller, Bianca Jackson, Yvonne Tam, Talata Sawadogo-Lewis and Neff Walker, in Lancet Global Health, 12 May 2020 - see the data here

As COVID-19 devastates already fragile health systems, over 6,000 additional children under five could die a day, without urgent action by UNICEF Covid-19 Programme and Advocacy Response, 12 May 2020

Over a million children, mothers in low-income countries could die over next six months from pandemic, by Janice Dickson, in the Globe and Mail, 13 May 2020

Una crisis que puede matar hasta 6.000 niños más al día, by Belén Hernandez, in El Pais, 13 May 2020

The global child mortality rate could rise for the first time in more than 60 years, experts warn, by Danielle Paquette, in The Washington Post, 13 May 2020

Unicef: 6,000 children could die every day due to impact of coronavirus, by Kate Hodal, in The Guardian, 13 May 2020

UNICEF issues dire report on coronavirus' deadly impact on children, by Karen Smith, in CNN, 13 May 2020

As coronavirus weakens health systems, 6,000 children could die daily, by Siddhant Pandey, in NewsBytes, 13 May 2020

As COVID-19 devastates already fragile health systems, over 6,000 additional children under five could die a day, without urgent action, by UNICEF, in Reliefweb, 13 May 2020

How COVID-19 May Cause Increases in Maternal and Child Mortality in Low- and Middle-Income Countries, by Sara Bennett and Timothy Roberton, in Public Health on Call (podcast), 7 May 202

More than one million more women and children globally could die as pandemic diverts health services, by Jennifer Rigby, in The Telegraph, 23 April 2020 

GFF leaders warn of emerging secondary global health crisis from disruptions in primary health care due to COVID-19, by Global Financing Facility Investors Group, 23 April 2020 

Estimating the Potential Impact of COVID-19 on Mothers and Newborns in Low- and Middle-Income Countries by Dorit Stein, Kevin Ward, and Catherine Cantelmo, in Medium Health Policy Plus, 15 April 2020






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